Diamond back moth: Plutella xylostella
Symptoms of damage |
- Young caterpillars cause small yellow mines on leaves
- Scrapping of epidermal leaf tissues producing typical whitish patches on leaves
- Full-grown larvae bite holes in the leaves and feeds on curd
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Affected curd
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Scrabbing the leaves
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Identification of pest |
- Egg - minute yellow coloured eggs.
- Eggs laid singly or in groups – upper surface of leaves.
- Larva - Pale yellowish green caterpillar
- Pupa: Pupation takes place on the foliage in a transparent cocoon
- Adult
- It is a small greyish brown moth
- Forewings - has three white triangular spots along the inner-margin
- When at rest the triangular markings of opposite wings gives diamond shape
- Hind wings – have a fringe of long fine hairs
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Larva
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Adult
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Management |
- Remove and destroy all debris and stubbles after harvest of crop
- Grow mustard as trap crop at 2:1 ratio (cabbage: mustard) to attract DBM for oviposition at least 10 days ahead of planting of main crop
- Spray mustard crop with dichlorvos 76 WSC 0.076% to avoid dispersal of the larvae
- Pheromone traps @ 12/ha
- Crop rotation with cucurbits, beans, peas, tomato and melon
- Larval parasitoid: Diadegma semiclausm @ 1,00000/ha (Hills – below 25 –27º C) Cotesia plutellae(plains) at 20000/ha release from 20 days after planting
- Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 2g/lit
- Neem seed kernel extract 5%
- Cartap hydrochloride 0.5% at 10,20 and 30 DAS (nursery) and primordial stage
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Insecticide |
Dose |
Azadirachtin 5% Neem Extract Concentrate |
5.0 ml/10 lit. |
Lufenuron 5.4 % EC |
1.2 ml/lit. |
Spinosad 2.5 % SC |
1.2 ml/lit. |
Trichlorofon 50 % EC |
1.0 ml/lit. |
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Cabbage borer: Hellula undalis
Symptoms of damage |
- The larva webs the leaves and bore into the stem, stalks or leaf veins
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Webbing
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Bore hole on the stem
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Identification of pest |
- Egg: Yellow shiny eggs – on the leaves
- Larva: Full grown larva- greyish –yellow with seven purplish –brown longitudinal stripes
- Adult: Pale greyish brown moth with wavy grey markings
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Larvae
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Adult
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Management |
- Collect and destroy mechanically caterpillars in the early stages of attack
- Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2g/lit at primordial stage
- Cartap hydrochloride @ 500g /ha or malathion 50EC @500ml/ha
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Leaf webber: Crocidolomia binotalis
Symptoms of damage |
- Young larva feeds gregariously on leaves
- Later webs together the leaves feed within
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Larval webbing the head |
Larval scrabbing the leaves |
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Identification of pest |
- Egg: laid in groups under surface of leaves.
- Larva: green coloured
- Pupa: pupation takes place within the webbed up leaves
Adult
- Forewings having distinct wavy lines and prominent wavy spots
- Hind wings - semi hyaline colour
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Larva
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Adult
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Management |
- Remove and destroy the webbed leaves with caterpillars within
- Set up light traps@ 1/ ha
- Encourage the activity of parasitoid: Cotesia crocidolomiae
- Spray malathion 50 EC @ 0.1% or carbaryl 0.2%
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Cabbage green semilooper: Trichoplusia ni
Symptoms of damage |
- Scrabbing of leaves initially and defoliation
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Identification of pest |
- Egg - Greenish –white, spherical and sculptured eggs.
- Eggs laid singly on ventral surface of leaves.
- Larva - Slender and green in colour with light wavy lines
- Adult: Stout, brown moth, head and thorax grey in colour, abdomen white
- Forewings grey wavy in colour with a slendery – marking
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Larva
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Adult
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Management |
- Hand pick and destroy the caterpillars
- Set up light trap @1/ha
- Spray insecticides like malathion 50EC @ 0.1% ha
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Cabbage butterfly: Pieris brassicae, P.rapae
Symptoms of damage |
- Defoliation
- Bores into the heads of cabbage
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Identification of pest |
- Velvetty bluish green in colour with black dots
- Yellow dorsal and lateral stripes covered with white hairs.
- Pupa: chrysalis which takes place in leaves and stem.
- Adult: White butterfly
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Management |
- Collect and destroy caterpillars in the early stage of attack
- Conserve parasitoids like Cotesia glomeratus
- Spray insecticides like quinalphos 25EC @ 1000 ml
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Tobacco caterpillar: Spodoptera litura
Symptoms of damage |
- Damage leaves and heads of cabbage and cauliflower
- Damage leaves of radish and beet root
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Identification of pest |
- Egg: -masses appear golden brown
- Larva:-
- Young caterpillars are light green with black head or black spots
- Gregarious in the early stages
- Well grown caterpillars are grey or dark brown
- Adult:-
- Forewings – brown colour with wavy white marking
- Hindwings- white colour with a brown patch along the margin
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Larva
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Adult
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Management |
- Plough the soil to expose and kill the pupae
- Grow castor along border and irrigation channel as trap crop
- Flood the field to drive out the hibernating larvae
- Set up light trap @1/ha
- Pheromone traps (Pherodin SL) @ 15/ ha to attract male moths
- Collect and destroy egg masses in castor and tomato
- Hand pick grown up larvae and kill them
- Spray Sl NPV @ 1.5 X 1012 POBs / ha + 2.5 Kg crude sugar + 0.1 % teepol
- Poison bait:
- Rice bran 5 Kg + Molasses or Brown sugar 500g + Carbaryl 50 WP 500g+ 3lit of water/ha
- Mix the ingredients well – Kept around the field in the evening hours
- Spray chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2lit/ha or dichlorovos 76 WSC 1 lit/ha
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Cabbage aphid:Brevicoryne brassicae
Symptoms of damage |
- Yellowing
- Crinkling and cupping
- Distorted primordia
- Presence of white cast skin at the base of the plant
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Identification of pest |
- Nymphs and adults yellowish green with wavy white filament over the body
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Larva
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Adult
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Management |
- Install yellow sticky trap @12 no/ha to monitor “macropterous” adults (winged adult).
- Spray neem oil 3 % with 0.5 ml Teepol/lit or any one of the following insecticide
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Insecticide |
Dose |
Azadirachtin 0.03% WSP (300 ppm) |
5.0 g/lit. |
Dimethoate 30 % EC |
6.0 ml/10 lit. |
Malathion 50 % EC |
1.5 ml/lit. |
Phosalone 35 % EC |
1.5 ml/lit. |
Quinalphos 25 % EC |
1.0 ml/lit. |
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Mustard aphid: Lipaphis erysimi
Symptoms of damage |
- Both nymph and adults suck the sap from leaves, buds and pods.
- Curling of infested leaves and at advanced stage plants may wither and die.
- Plants remain stunted and sooty molds grow on the honey dew excreted by the insects.
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Leaf mining
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Identification of pest |
- Aphids - are small, soft-bodied, pearl-shaped insects
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Management |
- Set up yellow stick trap to monitor aphid population.
- Conserve the natural enemies viz., Cocciniella septempunctata, Menochilus sexmaculata,
- Spray dimethoate@ 2 ml /lit
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