Crossandra nematode : Pratylenchus delattrei

Symptoms

• Stunted parches in field
• Leaves turn pate yellow with puckering symptom
• Internodal length reduced to give a rosette  appearance
• Lesions on the secondary and tertiary roots.

Management

• Apply carbofuran 3G 1.0 kg a.i/ha
• Apply FXM @ 10 ton/ha
• apply neemcake @ 500 kg/ha
• Helicotylenchus dihystera

Tuberose

Meloidogyne incognita

Symptoms

• Stunted patches of plants with unthrifty growth
• Leaves tura pale yellow
• Reduction of no. of flowers
• Moderate to severe galling in the roots.

Management

• Apply carbofuran 3 G @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha
• Neem cake at 500 kg /ha
• FYM @ 10 tons/ha.

Chrysanthemum:Ahelenchoides ritzemabosi

Symptoms

• The first stems to be dwarfed.
• The plant is forced to produce other basal stems, thus acquiring a bushy appearance. Early nematode feeding in the buds and growing points causes growth retardation, resulting in distorted and deformed leaves.
• The growing points may be so damaged that they blacken and eventually die.
• Nematode injury induces the growth of side shoots, which also become infected.
• Later on, infection of the leaves causes the formation of yellowed spots or
  blotches (Figure 1) that are first noticeable on lower leaf surfaces.
• The often wedge-shaped discolored areas gradually expand, turn yellowish brown, and finally blacken.
• Developing leaves become distorted and crinkled.
• The entire leaf soon becomes infected, shrivels, dies, and hangs downward or falls to the ground.
• The destruction of the leaves usually progresses upward as the stems elongate.
• The nematodes may eventually infect the terminal flower buds, producing deformed and undersized flowers.

Management

• All infected plants and fallen leaves should be carefully removed from the garden or greenhouse and burned.
• Soil in affected nursery plantings should be fumigated.
• Floors, benches, and storage areas should be thoroughly cleaned of plant debris. Containers and tools should be steamed or fumigated.
• Pots, potting soil, and tools must be baked in an oven or steamed at 180-200°F (82- 93°C) for 30 minutes.
• Foliar nematode diseases can be minimized with good cultural practices.
• Only carefully selected, nematode-free plants or plant parts should be used for propagation.
• Excessive humidity, splashing water on stems and leaves, and contact between plants should be avoided.
• Moisture should not be allowed to stand on the foliage for over a few minutes.
• The use of a dry surface mulch or a ring of petroleum jelly around the base of stems helps prevent the nematodes from migrating up the plant stems.