Plants stunted with reduced tillering. Leaves narrow, short, very erect ‘dirty’ dark green.  Stems thin and spindly.  Older leaves turn brown red and purple colors develop in leaves. 

Application of phosphobacteria as a seed coating, or as a seedling dip.  Application of P fertilizer 15-30 kg P ha-1 to the soil, Rock phosphate broadcast before flooding when soil pH is low.