Floor types
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Solid floor
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Deep litter floor
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- It is a common floor with solid surface made out of different materials such as cement concrete, vitrified paving brick, building brick, stones and gravel.
- Such solid floors should be laid properly for good drainage.
- A slope of 1/40 is desirable in animal standing and a slope of 1/60 is desirable towards the dung channel.
- Even in surface with impervious quality is necessary to prevent water stagnation.
- In this type proper cleaning and disinfection are essential to control diseases.
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- It is made of bedding material as dried layers.
- Straw, paddy husk, saw dust groundnut hulls, dried leaves are spread on the floor used as litter materials.
- It can be spread as layer of 4-6 inches thickness and can be allowed to accumulate over a period of a month to 1 year.
- The litter get mixed with excreta and decomposed.
- The dried litter materials absorb the moisture. Hence bacterial activity is controlled.
- Excessive bacterial action in the deep litter is kept controlled by addition of lime.
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Floor materials
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Cement concrete floor |
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Vitrified paving bricks |
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- This is a common material used in animal house.
- It is cheap and durable floor if properly constructed.
- In tropical condition, it provides the required cool condition for the animals.
- Groove and rough surface are to be provided for making it nonslippery and to prevent accident.
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- These are hard impervious bricks with grooves on the surface.
- It is an ideal flooring for animals because of durability and damp proof condition.
- The bricks are set over the bottom and a cushion of sand.
- The joints are coated with cement mortar.
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| Stones |
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Building bricks |
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- Granite stones are used in place where they are easily available.
- They are made into a block.
- The floor surface is roughened and laid over a cushion of sand.
- It is durable and strong.
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- They are sometimes used as a flooring material.
- They are not good floor materials.
- They absorb water and are easily worn out.
- They are set on edges closely and packed with good quality of cement.
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| Gravel |
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- Fine quality of gravel can be used as cheap quality flooring materials.
- It absorbs water and worn out quickly.
- Periodical repair and maintenance is required.
- During disease outbreak disinfection is not possible with this type of flooring.
- Lime dressing and smearing of cow dung mixture will help in proper maintenance of floor.
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