• Stems and leaves - blight and wilting
• Fruit - decay appears around the stem
• Rind becomes slightly darkened, water soaked and light brown later
• Centre of the spots turn black, cracks and wrinkles

Identification of pathogen:

• Pycnidia - black and large
• When young - colourless, thick walled and one celled
• When mature - dark brown, rough walled and two celled
• Mode of survival - conidia
• Mode of spread - wind, farm implements, insects

Management:

• Scratches and bruises must be avoided
• Pre cooling after harvest
• Harvest fruits with long stems
• Cut ends painted with a fungicide paste - copper sulphate