Symptom

• Small reddish-brown to reddish orange, round to elliptical uredinia develop mainly on foliage.
• As severity of infection increases, leaf tissue will wilt and become necrotic from the leaf apex to base.
• In infection sites developing late in the season, uredinia are replaced by telia which are black, elliptical, and subepidermal.

Management

• Sowing during December - May result in less incidence.
• Adopt control measures when there is rust incidence in the early stages as spread of infection to top leaves results in poor grain filling.
• Spray any one of the following fungicides when the initial symptoms of the diseases are noticed. Wettable sulphur 2500g / ha Mancozeb 1000g/ha
• Repeat application 10 days after if necessary.