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Agricultural crops :: Pulses :: Soybean

Charcoal rot, ashy or stem blight or dry root rotMacrophomina phaseolina

Symptom
  • This disease occurs when the plants are under moisture stress or under nematode attack or through soil compaction or may be through nutrient deficiencies.
  • It is a most common basal stem and root disease of the soybean plant.
  • Lower leaves become chlorotic and wilting and drying is apparent.
  • The diseased tissues generally develop grayish  discolouration.
  • The sclerotia look like black powdery mass hence the disease is known as charcoal rot.
  • Blacking and cracking of roots is the most common symptom.
  • The fungus survives in soil and crop debris in dry conditions.
  • Dry conditions, relatively low soil moisture and nutrient and temperature ranging from 25o C to 35o C are favourable for the disease.

Management

  • Deep ploughing in summer.
  • Ensure balanced fertilization of the crop.
  • Rotate soybean with cereals.
  • Maintain well drained field
  • Destroy last years infected stubble.
  • Seed treatment with T. viride @4g/kg or P. fluorescens @ 10g/ kg of seed or Carbendazim or Thiram 2g/kg of seed.
  • Spot drenching with Carbendazim 1g/lit or P. fluorescens / T. viride 2.5 kg/ha with 50 kg FYM    



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