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Horticultural crops :: Vegetables:: Tomato

Fusarium Wilt :Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Symptom

  • Clearing of the veinlets and yellowing of the lower leaves.
  • Younger leaves die in succession.
  • Petiole and leaves droop and wilt.
  • Browning of vascular system.
  • Entire plant wilt and die.
         
Vascular Discolouration
  Infected Plant       Macro Conidia   Chlamydospore

Causal Organism

  • Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersii (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen

Asexual spores :

  • Microconidia, Macroconidia and Chlamydospore

Macroconidia :

  • Three to five cells with pointed or curved edges

Chlamydospores:

  • Single or in pairs

Survival and Mode of Spread

Survival :

  • In soil as mycelium and chlamydospores

Primary spread:

  • Infected debris

Secondary spread:

  • Water and planting equipment

Favourable conditions

  • Dry weather (high soil temperature) and low soil moisture.

Integrated Disease Management

  • Soil solarization.
  • Crop rotation.
  • Removal of infected plant.
  • Seed treatment with Trichoderma asperellum (viride) @ 4g/kg seeds.
  • Seedling dip in B. subtilis @ 5g/l and soil application of B. subtilis@ 1.0 kg with 50 kg of FYM/ac at 30 days of transplanting.

Source of Information

  • https:www.apsnet.org
  • Crop production guide – Horticulture 2020.

Acknowledgement

  • Dr.P.Renukadevi, Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, TNAU, Coimbatore. Photo courtesy, Dr.S.Vinodkumar
  • Dr.N.Indra, Associate Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, TNAU, Coimbatore.

Updated on Jan 2023


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