Successful Organic Farming from on Farm Inputs

With the establishment of on farm production unit i.e. Jaivik Chhabutra (Soil Kitchen)- a platform of on-farm input production unit, where a farmer can make all the inputs for keeping the farm healthy by himself with locally, easily available and renewable resources and can fulfil the field requirement as and when require. In a field corner if a establish very small on –farm input production unit that may be 15x15 feet in size with equipped two to three 100 liter drums, two to three 50 liter drums, two to three 20-30 liter plastic lid buckets, drums two to three 20 liter earthen pots, 2 Biodynamic pits, one Aganihotra Copper Primed etc. This complete Jaivik Chhabutra (Soil Kitchen/Dhra Ki Rasoi) can helps for smooth organic production system and the concept is based upon four dimensions i.e.

(i) Soil Nourishment (Bhumi Upchar): (All ingredients should be taken fresh) Sowing of hybrids crops, which are high nutrient feeder and their continuous cropping results in macro and micro nutrient exhaustness (deficiency) in soil. Hybrids are not advisable in organic production system. Such type of soil deficiency can neutralize with Bhumi Upchar.

Enriched Panchagavya (for one acre quantity required 200 kg)

Application Procedure/Implementation:

• Put all the ingredients in drum
• Stir it thirty times clock-wise and thirty times anti-clock wise (twice daily)
• Keep the drum closed.
• Enriched panchagavya would become ready on 7th day.
• Mix 100 liters of water and stir it properly.
• Mix the mixture with vermin-compost or ash or fertile soil and spread it in the field before sowing.

During irrigation, make a hole in the drum (4’’ above the base) and set it so that dripping from drum starts and whole field will be nourished. By its application at the time of sowing and during irrigations, soil can maintain remain fertile.

• Soil health and fertility would revive.
• Substantial yield may be maintains.
• Crop will be healthy and free from pest infestation.
•  Crop would mature in time.

(ii) Seed Nourishment/ Treatment (Beej sanskar): (All ingredients should be taken fresh and to be used fresh) Seed, if nourished naturally (naturally occurring ingresients), response better, attains viability and gives more tillers, with these crop responses more and better yield.

Seed Nourishment Injection (use any one formulation just half-an-hour before sowing):

• Take Lassi (Butter Milk) / Diluted curd or vermin-wash or cow Urine or Fresh Milk (10 parts) and add one part old gur (jaggery) or honey. Example: for one-acre wheat sowing, 40 kg of seed is require, here two litres of buttermilk and two hundred gram jaggery is sufficient.
• Placenta Injection or Jer Khad (apply 10-15 gram per kg seed with 5 gram of jaggery or honey). Put the placenta oozed during animal delivery in earthen pot, cover the lid and put the pot in 2 feet deep pit, cover it with soil, Jer khad get ready in 70-days.
• Plant/Crop Nourishment: (Plant takes various nutrition during growth). This diet (nutrition) get be completed through soil (if soil nourishment procedure is applied in field with every irrigation and at sowing time). Crop absorbs the nutrition if spread on leaves.

Crop Ingredients (use any one formulation): Take one-liter fresh cow’s urine or pot manure or vermin-wash/Bio sol/Compost tea. Mix it with 14 litres of water and spray for plant growth.

Pot Manure Procedure: Take 5 kg fresh dung, 5 litre fresh urine and half kg old jiggery. Mix all these in earthen pot, cover the lid and put the pot in 3 feet dugged hole, cover it with soil, pot mature get ready in 7 days.

Vermi-wash Procedure: Take 10 kg compost from a vermin-bed of high density worms. Put compost in jute bag, take 10 litre of water 10 litre of water in a tub, dip the jute bag slowly into tub water five times, the water in the tub is ready to use as spray. Note: Don’t use the plastic bag.

• Crop protection: (Mono cropping system pattern results in more diseases and insect infestation. Multiple and mixed cropping system results in stability of bio-diversity and with this use of light trap, sticky yellow strips and Botanical extracts can prevent comply with various type of insect attack)
• For sucking Pests (Aphids / Jassid Millebug, Gandhi insect of paddy etc.) ( any one formulation): Take one litre of 35 days old tobacco leaf power putted in cow urine or water, Mix it with 14 litres of water and spray for plant protection.
• For cutting and biting insects (for one acre):
• Take 4 kg of neem leaves, put them into 10 litres of cow urine for 35 days or
• Take 10 kg of various bitter leaves (i.e. Bhang, Neem, Dhatura, Karanj, Aak, Ama bel, Bel pattar, Caster, Custard, Gloye, Congress grass etc.10 kg) make small pieces and chopped of these leaves and put them into drum with 20 litres of water and 20 litres of cow urine keep for 35 days. Filter the mixtures with cloth (take one litre and mix it with 14 litres of water and spray it.                                                                                      
• For Termites (one acre):
• Put 25-50 gm of Heeng rolled it in a thin cloth and put it in the irrigation channel suspended during irrigation of crop.
• For Insects of Root Borer (One acre):
• Take 10 kg of various bitter leaves (i.e. Dhatura, Besharm and Aak), make small pieces of these leaves and put them into drum with 50 litres of water and 50 litres of cow urine each for 35 days. Take one litre of this filtered mixture and mix it with 14 litres of water and spray.
• For Nematodes: (Take all the ingredients fresh. Apply two times in one week)
• Take 20 kg dung, 20 litre Cow / Buffalo Urine, 7 litres Butter milk, 2 ½ litres milk, ½ kg Butter, put all these in the drum and cover it for 35 days and stir it thirty times clock-wise and thirty times anti-clock wise (twice daily).
• Add equal quantity of water at the time of spraying. (Apply half kg per square yard)

Animal Dung Heap to Fortified Compost in 40 Days

Rural animal dung base manure is of poor quality compost due to its un-decomposed process being very hot even years lying in the heap. Completely mature compost is the storehouse of ionic components (nutrients), hence easily and properly assimilated by the plants. A dialog that is true with manure: Compost should not be hot, it is not compost.

Method of making Compost

• Make the animal dung heap leveled at 2 ½ feet height (length and breadth can be of any size)
• Make slant holes at 60 degree throughout the heap, hole should about three inches and distance from hole to hole should be of 1 feet
• Hole should reach upto the bottom of heap: it should keep open for 7 days for cooling the heap temperature.
• On 8th day, put one litre of injection (natural composting inoculums) in every hole slowly.
• Cover the hole with grass/straw
• On 15th day, put one litre of injection in every hole again and cover the hole
• On 21st day, put one litre of injection in every hole again and cover the hole
• On 40th day, fortified compost gets ready, can be speeded directly into the field.

Note: Heap should not be made in the water catchment area
Making injection Ingredients: (for 100 kg): (Take the ingredients fresh and in approximation)

Application Procedure/Implementation:

• Put all the ingredients in drum.
• Stir it thirty times clock-wise and thirty times anti-clock wise (twice daily)
• Keep the drum closed.
• Injection would become ready on 7th day.
• Mix 50 liters of water and stir it completely.

This is a standard formulation. If any ingredient is insufficient or not available, increase the quantity of other available ingredients.

Fortifying the Compost

For making the fortified compost, following material may be added just after making the holes

Take around 5 per cent of ore minerals i.e. (rock-phospate / Pyrite / Gypsum / Sulphur dust / Llime etc) in accordance of dung heap, mix it with required water or cow Urine. Pour one liter of this mixture in every third hole of the heap in the first time pouring.

Results

Fortified compost adding organic carbon as well prossed minerls in form of nutrients in soil, which increases the microbial load, and helping in decomposition of crop residue of the predecessor crop. This Methodology have the potential in ending the  burning practice of crop residue after harvesting of paddy, wheat and sugarcane which is a crucial problem in Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. The performance of fortified compost, results is comparable with three times of ordinary compost. Being very good quality compost, it can broadcast in standing crops like vermin compost.

Source:

Dr.K.Chandra, Director, National Centre on Organic Farming, Ghaziabad
Dr.Jagat Singh, Regional Centre of Organic Farming, Bangalore

Updated on : Nov 2014