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Rice is one of the three most important food crops in the world and it is the staple food for over 2.7 billion people. In India, area under rice is 44.6 m ha with total output of 80 million tonnes (paddy) with an average productivity of 1855 kg/ha. It is grown in almost all the states. West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Punjab, Maharashtra and Karnataka are major rice growing states and contribute to total 92% of area and production.
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